Bill of Lading

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A Bill of Lading is a legally binding document issued by a carrier to confirm the receipt of goods for shipment. It serves as a contract between the shipper and the carrier and ensures the proper transportation of cargo. Complete your Bill of Lading accurately to facilitate smooth freight transactions — download the template to your device today!
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Written by Megan Thompson - Reviewed by Kateryna Adkham

Template Description

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Bill of Lading

A bill of lading is a shipping receipt and a legal document acknowledging the transfer of goods from the exporter to the carrier and, ultimately, to the recipient. 

When Is a Bill of Lading (BOL) Used?

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A bill of lading form is required in various shipping scenarios, ensuring a smooth transfer of goods between multiple parties. Some situations include:

  • Domestic and International Shipping. Whether shipping within the same country or overseas, a BOL documents the transport process.
  • Freight Shipments. Trucking companies and freight carriers issue a generic bill of lading when transporting products via road, rail, or air.
  • Container Shipments. A bill of lading sample in maritime shipping helps regulate cargo transport, specifying container details.
  • Warehouse Transfers. Businesses often use a blank bill of lading to document inventory movements between locations.

A bill of lading example for a retail business might be a furniture company shipping sofas to a distributor. The document ensures proper tracking and receipt of goods in undamaged condition.

Parties Involved

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Several key parties participate in the BOL process to ensure a reliable transfer of goods:

  • Shipper (Consignor). The individual or business shipping the goods.
  • Carrier. The shipping or logistics company responsible for delivering merchandise.
  • Consignee. The buyer or receiver who accepts the goods at the final destination.
  • Freight Forwarder (if applicable). A third-party logistics provider that arranges international transportation.
  • Customs Authorities (for international shipments). Review the bill of lading form PDF for regulatory compliance.

A typical scenario is an online furniture business shipping wholesale orders. Generic bill of lading will document the shipment and specify the consignee's delivery address.

Key Terms

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Understanding the bill of lading definition ensures smooth transactions:

  • Shipper. The party sending the goods.
  • Consignee. The recipient of the goods.
  • Carrier. The transporter responsible for moving the shipment.
  • Freight Terms (FOB, CIF, EXW). Determines who bears the cost and risk at different shipping points.
  • Straight Bill of Lading. A non-negotiable document where goods are assigned directly to the consignee.
  • Negotiable Bill of Lading. A transferable document, allowing ownership changes during transit.
  • Freight Bill vs. Bill of Lading. A freight bill pertains to payment, while a BOL details shipment and delivery terms.

Elements of a Bill of Lading (BOL)

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A standard bill of lading form PDF contains specific sections to ensure accurate shipment tracking. These include:

  1. Shipper’s Information 

    • Name and address of the sender;
    • Contact details;
    • Business or personal identification (if required).

  2. Consignee’s Information 

    • Recipient’s full name and address;
    • Delivery point details;
    • Contact person handling the shipment.

  3. Carrier Details

    • The transporting company’s name;
    • Carrier’s contact information;
    • Shipment tracking number (bill of lading number).

  4. Shipment Description 

    • Type of goods being shipped (e.g., electronics, furniture);
    • Quantity and weight of items;
    • Special handling instructions (fragile, hazardous, etc.).

  5. Freight Charges & Payment Terms 

    • Whether freight is pre-paid or due upon arrival;
    • Incoterms specifying payment responsibilities (FOB, CIF, EXW).

  6. Signatures & Acknowledgments 

    • Signatures from the shipper, carrier, and consignee;
    • Date and time of shipment and delivery confirmation.

How To Fill Out a Bill of Lading (BOL)

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Filling out a bill of lading form PDF requires attention to detail to prevent errors. Here’s how:

  • Download the Correct Form. You can find a blank bill of lading template on Loio.
  • Enter Shipper & Consignee Information. Names, addresses, and contact details must match official records.
  • Describe the Shipment. State product details, such as quantity, weight, and packaging instructions.
  • Specify Freight Terms. Indicate the agreed payment method (Prepaid or Collect).
  • Confirm Carrier & Handling Details. Record the transport method (truck, air, sea, or rail).
  • Sign the Document. Ensure all involved parties (shipper, carrier, consignee) sign to validate shipment details.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Missing Information. Incomplete addresses or incorrect shipment descriptions can delay delivery.

  • Incorrect Freight Terms. Misunderstandings about who pays for transit charges can cause disputes.

  • Omitting Signatures. Unsigned forms may be considered invalid, affecting legal standing.

You can download a bill of lading PDF on Loio and ensure you fill it out correctly for a secure and hassle-free shipping experience.

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